Video Problems encountered from crime scene incidences solved by TREC's Forensic Video Image Analysis

• Quad camera scenes per single video frame which preclude full camera views, instead of each quadrant optical quality digitally magnified to a full frame;

• Perpetrator too small to identify or too distant from the camera, instead of optical quality digital magnification of the area of interest  times two X2, times four X4 and even times eight X8 (a TRECWare solution of the classical problem of aliasing, stair stepping diagonals, curves or blockiness in digital enlargement times two or larger);

• Motion blur due to perpetrator running through the field of view, instead of splitting the blurred frame into separate fields  which almost by definition have no motion blur, then then optical quality vertical magnification of either field into a full non motion blur frame (a TRECWare solution to this classical problem)

• Image blur from lens poorly focused or coated with dirt, dust, and grime, instead of user adjustable resolution enhancement to reduce or eliminate blur;

• Poor alphanumeric legibility, e.g., license plate, logos, patches, etc., instead of user adjustable resolution enhancement for improved sharpness with less blur;

• Corrupted video fields or frames from rarely maintained or seldom serviced VCR’s;

• Field recorded time lapse video viewed on frame display monitors, images seconds apart interlaced confusing;

• Ghost perpetrators within frames, i.e., recorded in one field only, with fields seconds apart, the resulting frame having the perpetrator in every other line and difficult to identify; instead of splitting the frame into separate fields  then optical quality vertical magnification of the field of interest into a full frame;

• Wavy distortion, video tear, poor sync signals, or time base distortion, rolling unstable images, instead of splitting the blurred images into fields having no blur then optical quality vertical magnification into a stable frame;

• Lack of intensity and contrast due to over used or poor quality video tape, worn out magnetic media, instead of intensity adjusted contrast and brightness in linear and non-linear modes;

• Dark noisy environments, low light levels, poorly lit perpetrators, black on black, instead of frequency sensitive user selectable digital noise filters with no noticeable loss of image detail and non-linear intensity adjustment for seeing into black on black areas of interest;

• Incorrect or no azimuth on playback VCR’s for azimuth recorded VCR tapes resulting in overlapped noisy images, inserted of user selectable azimuth selection on playback VCR's;

• Blocky/blurry enlargement of the areas of interest by the computer at X2, X4, or X8 magnification, produced by classical image analysis techniques, instead of optical quality digital magnification enlarging areas of interest by the computer at X2, X4, or X8 magnification;

• Video tape sections edited, cut, merged, erased, or tampered with in any fashion;

• Difficult tape authenticity proof, is it a copy or an original, instead of clearly defined/displayed field switch points, where possible;

• Difficult courtroom video environments for counsel, judges, and juries, poor equipment, small screen monitors, tape controller timeout blackouts, instead of a large screen 32" monitor for the jury, high resolution monitors for the judge and opposing counsel all with time base correction, wide bandpath distribution and manual advance/backup of selected enhanced/crime scene images;

• Low resolution laser jet hardcopy, e.g., 600 dpi (dots per inch half tone) equivalent to 37.5 lpi (lines per inch screen frequency continuous tone) for 256 shades of gray or 1200 dpi with 75 lpi producing blockiness, blotchy areas, stair stepping diagonal lines, jaggedness, half tone printing; instead of glossy photographic quality 300 lpi continuous tone line screen dye sublimation prints with 256 shades of gray;

• Computer Monitor VGA (Video Graphics Adapters) gray scale images with only 64 shades of gray, instead of 256 shades, {VGA/SVGA Adapters have upwards to millions of colors but only 64 shades of any one color, i.e., gray. This is due to the six bit DAC's, digital to analogue converters, used in most VGA adapter cards.}